Everything about Prince Rupert British Columbia totally explained
Prince Rupert is a port city in the province of
British Columbia,
Canada. It is the land, air, and water transportation hub of
British Columbia's North Coast, and home to some 12,815 people (
Statistics Canada, 2006).
Location
Prince Rupert is situated on
Kaien Island (approximately 770 km (480 mi) north of
Vancouver), just north of the mouth of
Skeena River, and linked by a short bridge to the mainland. The city is located along the island's northwestern shore, fronting on
Prince Rupert Harbour.
At the western terminus of
Trans-Canada Highway 16 (the
Yellowhead Highway), Prince Rupert is approximately 146 km (91 mi) west of
Terrace, and 715 km (444 mi) west of
Prince George.
Neighbouring communities
By virtue of location, Prince Rupert is the gateway to many destinations:
- Dodge Cove (1 km, 0.6 mi, west)
- Metlakatla (5 km, 3 mi, west)
- Port Edward (15 km, 9 mi, south)
- Lax Kw'alaams (Port Simpson) (30 km, 19 mi, northwest)
- Oona River (43 km, 27 mi, southwest)
- Kitkatla (65 km, 40 mi, south)
- Kisumkalum (140 km, 87 mi, east)
- Kitselas (142 km, 88 mi, east)
- Terrace (146 km, 87 mi, east)
- Hartley Bay (157 km, 98 mi, southeast)
The
Queen Charlotte Islands (also known as
Haida Gwaii) are to the west of Prince Rupert, across the
Hecate Strait.
Alaska is 49
nautical miles (90 km, 56 mi) north of Prince Rupert.
History
Archaeological records and oral history suggest continuous occupation of the Prince Rupert area by the
Tsimshian First Nations people for around 4000 to 5000 years
(External Link
).
Prince Rupert, named after
Prince Rupert of the Rhine, was founded by
Charles Melville Hays, the general manager
of the
Grand Trunk Pacific Railway (GTP) and was incorporated on
March 10,
1910. Prior to the opening of the GTP, the business centre on the North Coast was
Port Essington on the Skeena River. After the founding of Prince Rupert at the western terminus for the
Grand Trunk Pacific Railway, Port Essington returned to being a fishing community and is now a ghost town. Charles Hays had many grand ideas for Prince Rupert including berthing facilities for large passenger ships and the development of a major tourism industry. These plans fell through when Charles Hays perished
April 15,
1912 on the
RMS Titanic.
Mount Hays, the larger of two mountains on Kaien Island, is named in his honour, as is a local high school,
Charles Hays Secondary School.
Local politicians used the promise of a highway connected to the mainland as an incentive and the city grew over the next several decades. American troops finally completed the 100 mile stretch of road between Prince Rupert and Terrace during
World War II to facilitate the movement of thousands of allied troops to the
Aleutian Islands and the
Pacific. Following
World War II, the fishing industry, particularly
salmon and
halibut, and
forestry became the city's major industries. Prince Rupert was the Halibut Capital of the World until the early 1980s. A long-standing dispute over fishing rights in the Dixon Entrance to the Hecate Straight (pronounced as "hekk-et") between American and Canadian fisherman lead to the formation of the
54-40 or Fight Society. The
United States Coast Guard maintains a military base in nearby
Ketchikan, Alaska.
Over the years, hundreds of students were said to have largely paid their way through school by working in the then lucrative
fishing industry. Construction of a pulp mill began in
1947 and was operating by
1951. The
construction of
coal and
grain shipping
terminals followed. The 1960s,
1970s and 1980s saw the construction of many amenities including a
civic centre,
swimming pool,
public library,
golf course and
performing arts centre (recently renamed "The Lester Centre of the Arts"). Prince Rupert had much to offer as it transitioned from a fishing and
mill town to a small city.
In the
1990s, both the fishing and
forest industries experienced a significant downturn in
economic activity. In July,
1997, Canadian fishermen blockaded the
Alaska Marine Highway ferry
M/V Malaspina, keeping it in the port as a protest in the
salmon fishing rights dispute between Alaska and British Columbia. The forest industry died when the soft wood lumber dispute arose between Canada and the U.S. After the pulp mill closed down, many people were out of a job, and a significant amount of top of the line machinery was left dormant. After reaching a peak of about 18,000 in the early 1990s, Prince Rupert's population began to decline as people left in search of work.
While the period from
1996 to
2004 saw difficult times for Prince Rupert, including closure of the
pulp mill, the burning down of a fish plant, and a significant
population decline,
2005 may be viewed as a critical turning point. The announcement of the construction of a
container port in April 2005, combined with new ownership of the
pulp mill, the 2004 opening of a new
cruise ship dock, the resurgence of coal and grain
shipping, and the prospects of increased
heavy industry and
tourism foretell a bright future for the area.
Population
Statistics Canada has recorded the following population counts in their
censuses. Census agglomerations are listed in parentheses.
2006 - 12,815 (13,392)
2001 - 14,643 (15,302)
1996 - 16,714 (17,414)
1991 - (17,359)
Government
The current mayor of Prince Rupert is Herb Pond. The current councillors of Prince Rupert are Nelson Kinney, Ken Cote, Kathy Bedard, Sheila Gordon-Payne, Joy Thorkelson, and Tony Briglio.
Prince Rupert is part of the Skeena—Bulkley Valley federal riding (electoral district). Nathan Cullen is the current Member of Parliament for the riding, and is a member of the New Democratic Party.
In the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Prince Rupert is a large portion of the North Coast riding. Gary Coons is the current Member of the Legislative Assembly. He is a member of the New Democratic Party of British Columbia. The NDP traditionally has strong support in the region.
Significant politicians
After 1908, Thomas Dufferin "Duff" Pattullo became mayor of Prince Rupert. He went on to become the Premier of British Columbia from 1933-1941, as a member of the Liberal Party.
Alexander Malcom Manson, the first lawyer in Prince Rupert, was elected to the BC Legislature in the riding of Omineca in 1916 as a Liberal. He became Speaker of the House in 1921 and the following year was appointed as both Attorney-General and Minister of Labour, serving in both capacities for six years. He was later appointed to the BC Supreme Court.
In 1986, NDP candidate Dan Miller was elected to the Prince Rupert Electoral District and from August of 1999 through February of 2000 was Premier.
Iona Campagnolo began her political career when she was elected to Prince Rupert City Council in 1966. In 1974, she successfully ran for the Liberal Party in the federal riding of Skeena. In 1976 she was appointed Minister of Amateur Sports. She became president of the Liberal Party of Canada in 1982. She served as British Columbia’s Lieutenant-Governor from 2001 to 2007.
Industry
Prince Rupert currently relies on the fishing industry, port, and tourism; however from 1951 to 2001 Prince Rupert also benefited from the Watson Island Pulp Mill, located less than 14 km (8 mi) outside of the city.
Transport
Seaport
Prince Rupert's sheltered harbour is the deepest ice-free natural harbour in North America. Situated at 54° North, the harbour is the northwestern most port in North America linked to the continent's railway network. Located on the Great Circle Route between eastern Asia and western North America, the port is the first inbound and last outbound port of call for cargo ships.
Passenger ferries operating from Prince Rupert include BC Ferries' service to the Queen Charlotte Islands and to
Port Hardy on Vancouver Island, and Alaska Marine Highway ferries to
Ketchikan, Juneau and Sitka and many other ports
along Alaska's Inside Passage. The Prince Rupert Ferry Terminal is co-located with the city's train station, from which VIA Rail offers a thrice-weekly passenger train called The Skeena, connecting to Prince George and Jasper, and through a connection with The Canadian to the rest of the continental passenger rail network.
The Prince Rupert Port Authority is responsible for the port's operation.
Airport
Prince Rupert Airport (YPR/CYPR) is located on Digby Island. Its position is, and its elevation is 35 m (116 ft) above sea level. The airport comprises one runway, one passenger terminal, and two aircraft stands. Access to the airport is typically achieved by a bus connection that departs from one location in downtown Prince Rupert (Highliner Hotel) and travels to Digby Island by ferry. The airport is served by Air Canada and Hawkair from Vancouver International Airport (YVR).
Prince Rupert is also served by the Prince Rupert/Seal Cove Water Aerodrome, a seaplane facility with regularly scheduled, as well as chartered, flights to nearby villages and remote locations.
Railway
A three times weekly passenger rail service known as the Skeena operated by Via Rail connects Prince Rupert with Prince George and Jasper. The service takes two days and requires an overnight hotel stay in Prince George.
Weather
Prince Rupert is known as "The City of Rainbows", as it's Canada's wettest city, with an average annual precipitation of approximately 2,500 mm (100 in) (Statistics Canada, 1999). It is also regarded as the municipality in Canada which receives the least amount of sunshine annually. Winters are relatively mild for the latitude (even January doesn't average below freezing), although frosts and blasts of cold Arctic air from the northeast are not uncommon. Summers are relatively cool, with daytime temperatures averaging below 20°C (68°F). Wind speeds are relatively strong, with prevailing winds blowing from the southeast. There is ample precipitation throughout the year, but autumn is the wettest season. Snowfall in Prince Rupert is rare and normally melts within a few days, although individual snowstorms may bring copious amounts of snow.
Tourist brochures boast about Prince Rupert's "100 days of sunshine".
Communications
Telephone, mobile, and Internet service are provided by CityWest (formerly CityTel). CityWest is owned by the City of Prince Rupert. CityWest provides long-distance telephone service, as does Telus.
In September 2005, the city changed CityTel from a city department into an independent corporation named CityWest. The new corporation immediately purchased the local cable company, Monarch Cable Systems, expanding CityWest's customer base to other northwest British Columbia communities.
Media
Radio
AM 560 - CHTK, adult contemporary
AM 860 - CFPR, CBC Radio One
FM 100.7 - CIAJ, Christian programming
FM 101.9 - CJFW-2, country music
FM 98.1 - CFNR-FM, classic rock (Canada's First Nations' Radio)
Television
Channel 6 - CFTK-1, CBC Television private affiliate
Tourist attractions
Prince Rupert is a central point on the Inside Passage, a route of relatively sheltered waters running along the Pacific coast from Vancouver, British Columbia to Skagway, Alaska. It is visited by many cruise ships during the summer en route between Alaska to the north and Vancouver and the Lower 48 to the south.
Prince Rupert is also the starting point for many wildlife viewing trips including whales, eagles and grizzly bears. The Khutzeymateen Grizzly Bear sanctuary features one of the densest remaining populations in North America; tours can be arranged by water or air (using float planes) departing from Prince Rupert.
Citations
The book, written by Sarah de Leeuw, includes an essay about Prince Rupert entitled "Highway of Monsters".
Ra McGuire of the band Trooper wrote the hit song "Santa Maria" on a boat in Prince Rupert's Harbour. Says McGuire, "The boat was called The Lucky Lady. We sailed from Prince Rupert onto an island off the coast with an awful lot of alcohol and some salmon to barbecue. Many of the lines in the song are direct quotes from the skipper. He actually said 'Okay, there's only fear and good judgment holding us back.' On the way back he said 'Does somebody know how to drive this thing?' I actually wrote these down in a little notepad as we went." (External Link)Further Information
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